Femur fractures that extend to the hip joint or knee joint may cause arthritis in the future. It causes severe pain and swelling in the surrounding muscles from increased pressure limiting blood flow which may lead to permanent disability and possible death. This usually happens after a high-impact trauma such as a motor vehicle accident. This is common in an open femur fracture where the bone fragments or foreign material damages the surrounding nerve and blood vessels. Age and certain medical conditions may impair healing and recovery. Healing any fracture may take weeks to months depending on its severity. An open fracture can cause an infection due to the exposure of the bones to the skin or penetration of a foreign body into the bones. This is common after sustaining a femur fracture due to ligament injury and anatomical relation. Complications of Femur Fractureįemur fractures can lead to serious medical complications depending on the extent of the injury, such as: Driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs and driving without a helmet, seatbelt, and safety gear greatly increases the risk of getting involved in a motor vehicle accident and sustaining a fracture. Participation in any contact sports greatly increases the risk of femur fracture from any direct or indirect severe blow that may happen while playing. Recreational or professional sports players.Performing repetitive physical activities such as marching, running, jumping, dancing, or skating increases the risk of femur fracture due to the impact on weight-bearing bones. Rickets, Paget disease of bone, marble bone disease (osteopetrosis), osteomalacia, osteogenesis imperfecta, and fibrous dysplasia increases the risk for femur fracture due to the reduction of total bone mass and bone mineral density from calcium metabolism disturbance. People with osteoporosis are prone to any kind of fracture even in the strongest weight-bearing bone such as the femur due to the loss of bone density. Loss of muscle mass or deconditioning contributes to muscle and bone weakness. Being underweight or malnourished contributes to bone loss and increases risk of broken bones. Poor eyesight, coordination, and judgement of accidents also contribute to the risk with very old and young children. This is also common among infants and children due to their weak and underdeveloped bones. Femur fractures are common among older adults as their bones tend to be weaker and brittle. There are certain factors that increases the risk of sustaining a femur fracture such as: Metabolic bone diseases such as rickets, Paget disease of bone, marble bone disease (osteopetrosis), osteomalacia, osteogenesis imperfecta, and fibrous dysplasia cause various deformities or abnormalities of bones. Osteoporosis is a silent disease that weakens the bones causing them to lose strength and break easily. Over time tiny cracks usually develop in the weight-bearing bones such as the femur and cause fractures. This can also be seen among new military recruits who experienced a sudden increase in impact activity. Stress fractures are caused by overuse or repetitive force on weight-bearing bones like long-distance running, jumping, and skating. Women and children are the most common victims of this abuse. Traumatic violence is usually an isolated event that is associated with other injuries. This is considered as an open fracture that requires more time to heal especially with retained bullet fragments. High-energy injuries such as gunshots can cause severe damage to the surrounding tissues and penetrate the bones causing fractures. An indirect or direct severe blow from competitive or recreational playing of a contact sport may result in a femur fracture. This also includes being hit by a car while walking or crossing the street. This is the most common cause of femur fracture due to high-impact collision. High-impact falls or even a low-force trauma can cause a femur fracture among old adults and children due to their weak and underdeveloped bones. Infants or toddlers may cry excessively, refuse to crawl, or start limping Causes of Femur FractureĪ femur fracture is usually caused by severe accidents such as:.Inability to put weight on the injured leg.Inability to move, stand or walk on the affected part.Obvious shortening of the affected extremity.Deformity or crooked appearance of the affected part.Open wound with bleeding and discharge for open fractures.Bruising and protrusion of bone fragments from the skin for closed fractures.Muscle spasms, numbness, or tingling sensations.Tissue swelling or tenderness on some parts of the thigh.
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